Division of Environmental Physics - User: anka
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University Bratislava

Effects of plasma activated water on wheat: Germination, growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein content and antioxidant enzymes activity

Kučerová K., Henselová M., Slováková Ľ., Hensel K.
Plasma Process. Polym. 16 (3), e1800131 (2019)

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Abstract:

Reactive species generated in the gas and in water by cold air plasma of the transient spark
discharge in various O2/N2 gas mixtures (including pure N2 and pure O2) have been examined.
The discharge was operated without/with circulated water driven down the inclined grounded
electrode. Without water, NO and NO2 are typically produced with maximum concentrations
at 50% O2. N2O was also present for low O2 contents (up to 20%), while O3 was generated
only in pure O2. With water, gaseous NO and NO2 concentrations were lower, N2O was
completely suppressed and HNO2 increased; and O3 was lowered in O2 gas. All species
production decreased with the gas flow rate increasing from 0.5 to 2.2 L/min. Liquid phase
species (H2O2, NO2‾, NO3‾, •OH) were detected in plasma treated water. H2O2 reached the
highest concentrations in pure N2 and O2. On the other hand, nitrites NO2‾ and nitrates NO3‾
peaked between 20 - 80% O2 and were associated with pH reduction. The concentrations of
all species increased with the plasma treatment time. Aqueous •OH radicals were analyzed by
terephthalic acid fluorescence and their concentration correlated with H2O2. The antibacterial
efficacy of the transient spark on bacteria in water was increased with water treatment time
and was found the strongest in the air-like mixture thanks to the peroxynitrite formation. Yet,
significant antibacterial effects were found even in pure N2 and in pure O2 most likely due to
high •OH radical concentrations. Controlling the O2/N2 ratio in the gas mixture, gas flow rate,
and water treatment time enables tuning the antibacterial efficacy.

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